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Procedures of Different Baths in Islam ?







Procedures of Different Baths in Islam ? 


Concept of Awrah? 

In Islam, the ʿawrah (parts of the body that must be covered) must be protected with modesty and dignity: a man’s ʿawrah is generally from the navel to the knees, while a woman’s ʿawrah is more extensive and, before non-mahram men, the majority of scholars consider her entire body ʿawrah except the face and hands. The private parts of both men and women must always be covered except where there is a genuine necessity. The same principle of modesty applies to the deceased: during the funeral bath (ghusl al-mayyit), the deceased’s ʿawrah must remain covered and the person washing the body should not look at the private parts. They should be cleaned through a covering or barrier when necessary. The rest of the body is then washed properly, beginning with the right side and following the established Sunnah, before the deceased is dried and wrapped in the kafan.



Types of Ghusl? 


The basic principle of washing is similar, but the procedures of different types of bath in Islam are different.


— Ghusl al-Janābah (جنابت): For a living person after sexual impurity, the person washes the private parts, performs wudu and then washes the entire body so that water reaches all parts.

—Ghusl after menstruation (ḥayḍ, حیض): It is essentially the same complete ghusl as janābah. The Prophet ﷺ instructed women to wash themselves thoroughly and use perfume to cleanse the place of menstrual bleeding. (Sahih al-Bukhari 314; Sahih Muslim 332)

Ghusl after nifās (نفاس): When post-childbirth bleeding ends, the woman performs the same type of complete ghusl as after menstruation.

Ghusl of the deceased (غسل الميت): This is different. The deceased is washed by another person, the ʿawrah is kept covered and the body is washed according to the rules of funeral washing. The deceased does not perform wudu or ghusl themselves.


So, in simple terms: janābah, ḥayḍ and nifās require a living person to perform a complete ghusl; ghusl al-mayyit is a separate ritual washing performed on the deceased. The procedure of all ghusls are same. 



Hadith With References: 


عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْيَعْلَى:‏‏‏‏ أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَأَى رَجُلًا يَغْتَسِلُ بِالْبَرَازِ بِلَا إِزَارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَصَعَدَ الْمِنْبَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ حَيِيٌّ سِتِّيرٌ يُحِبُّ الْحَيَاءَ وَالسَّتْرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَإِذَا اغْتَسَلَ أَحَدُكُمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلْيَسْتَتِرْ۔ 



Narrated Yala: The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم saw a man washing in a public place without a lower garment. So he mounted the pulpit, praised and extolled Allah and said: Allah is characterised by modesty and concealment. So when any of you washes, he should conceal himself. 


ابو داؤد، حدیث نمبر، 4012




Thigh is a private part. [ Hadith no. 4014] 




Bahz bin Hakim said that his father told on the authority of his grandfather: I said: Messenger of Allah, from whom should we conceal our private parts and to whom can we show? He replied: conceal your private parts except from your wife and from whom your right hands possess (slave-girls). I then asked: Messenger of Allah, (what should we do), if the people are assembled together? He replied: If it is within your power that no one looks at it, then no one should look at it. I then asked: Messenger of Allah if one of us is alone, (what should he do)? He replied: Allah is more entitled than people that bashfulness should be shown to him. [ 4017]  


حضرت میمونہؓ فرماتی ہیں:

سَتَرْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَغْتَسِلُ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ

"میں نے نبی ﷺ کو غسلِ جنابت کرتے وقت پردہ کیا۔"

پھر وہ آپ ﷺ کے غسل اور وضو کا طریقہ بیان کرتی ہیں۔

یہ صحیح بخاری، حدیث 281 میں ہے   

۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔

اسی طرح حضرت ام ہانیؓ فرماتی ہیں کہ فتح مکہ کے موقع پر وہ نبی ﷺ کے پاس گئیں تو آپ ﷺ غسل فرما رہے تھے اور حضرت فاطمہؓ آپ ﷺ کے لیے پردہ کیے ہوئے تھیں۔

صحیح بخاری، حدیث 280 

۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔ 

زیادہ محتاط اور حدیث کے مطابق بات یہ ہے کہ آپ ﷺ غسل کرتے وقت لوگوں کی نگاہ سے ستر کو چھپاتے تھے۔ 

۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔

حضرت ابو ہریرہؓ سے روایت ہے کہ حضرت موسیٰؑ تنہائی میں غسل کرتے تھے۔ ایک موقع پر ان کے کپڑے پتھر پر رکھے تھے، پتھر کپڑے لے کر چل پڑا اور بنی اسرائیل نے حضرت موسیٰؑ کو دیکھ لیا۔ صحیح بخاری، حدیث 278 


۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔

احادیث میں نبی ﷺ کے وضو کا طریقہ واضح طور پر ملتا ہے، خصوصاً غسلِ جنابت کے اندر۔ حضرت عائشہؓ فرماتی ہیں کہ آپ ﷺ غسلِ جنابت کرتے تو پہلے ہاتھ دھوتے، پھر نماز والا وضو کرتے، پھر سر اور پورے جسم پر پانی بہاتے۔ صحیح بخاری، حدیث 248 

۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔

نماز کے لیے ستر کا چھپانا ضروری ہے۔ حنفی فقہ میں اسے نماز کی بنیادی شرائط میں شمار کیا جاتا ہے۔

قرآن مجید میں اللہ تعالیٰ فرماتا ہے:

يَا بَنِي آدَمَ خُذُوا زِينَتَكُمْ عِندَ كُلِّ مَسْجِدٍ

"اے آدم کی اولاد! ہر نماز کے وقت اپنی زینت اختیار کرو۔"

— سورۃ الاعراف، 7:31

۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔

To conclude, Muslims should learn the correct procedure for performing Ghusl-e-Jinabat from the Ghusl-e-Mayyet. This is the best way to perform Ghusl. Cover the Awrah during Ghusl and perform it in the bathroom.



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